Can we stop disasters from happening?
Supposing the answer from me would be no and maybe on second thoughts yes.
Examples of we can't stop disasters from happening:
1.hurricane
2.typhoon
3.tornado
4.flood
Examples of we can stop disasters from happening:
1.soil erosion(cutting of trees)
2.burning of forest(haze that were caused by people)
on third thoughts, the second examples of we can stop disasters from happening. Maybe there are not even diasaters at all except no.1 that said soil erosion...maybe.
~excess~wow! published so many post today! so tired so i hope you would have fun with it! chaosss.
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
if i were to built a building.
If I were to build an even taller building, what materials will I choose and why. Frankly speaking, I never want to be an engineer. I would rather be an architect but anyway, back to the topic. I would have to consider where I want the building to be build at and the space limited, the climate. But lets assume the climate is good, there are plenty of space etc but all in good condition. I would use steel, cement, bricks, maybe a little of wood. I would want the building to be strong, and long-lasting, but of course pleasant to the eyes too!
materials used to build tall buildings
The materials used for the structural system of high-rise buildings are reinforced concrete and steel. Most American style skyscrapers have a steel frame, while residential tower blocks are usually constructed out of concrete.
reinforced concrete: concrete in which reinforcement bars or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the material that would otherwise be brittle.
Why are these materials suitable?(steel and concrete)
Steel and concrete must always be together when building tall buildings as when building, the steel they use are normally hollow so in order to make the steel stronger, concrete is used to fill in the hole. After which, the concrete would harden and thus, making the object stronger and more durable. Steel and concrete are hard, strong, durable. They are able to withstand the weight of the building.
So i assume that the foundation of the building is heavier? Because the building must have the support.
Would you use the same materials to build other buildings?
I think that majority of the buildings that were built were made with steel and concrete so they would stay still at all cost. However, in Japan due to the earthquake that happen regularly there, the houses are made of wood so when it tumbles, the impact would not be so great. It depends on the environment and the weather etc. If there are terrible disasters going on there, the best material should be wood, but strong wood.
Before Sep 11, 2001 incident, how was the World Trade Centre being viewed? A mighty building that cannot be destroyed?
Instead of having the same building structures as the other buildings that were built before,it had a load-bearing perimeter steel columns called Vierendeel trusses that were spaced closely together to form a strong, rigid wall structure, supporting virtually all lateral loads such as wind loads, and sharing the gravity load with the core columns and thus, making it stronger than other buildings. Although it was one of the most well-known buildings, it had criticisms as well. A small group of business were affected and many residents, tenants etc resisted force relocation of the center as well.
reinforced concrete: concrete in which reinforcement bars or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the material that would otherwise be brittle.
Why are these materials suitable?(steel and concrete)
Steel and concrete must always be together when building tall buildings as when building, the steel they use are normally hollow so in order to make the steel stronger, concrete is used to fill in the hole. After which, the concrete would harden and thus, making the object stronger and more durable. Steel and concrete are hard, strong, durable. They are able to withstand the weight of the building.
So i assume that the foundation of the building is heavier? Because the building must have the support.
Would you use the same materials to build other buildings?
I think that majority of the buildings that were built were made with steel and concrete so they would stay still at all cost. However, in Japan due to the earthquake that happen regularly there, the houses are made of wood so when it tumbles, the impact would not be so great. It depends on the environment and the weather etc. If there are terrible disasters going on there, the best material should be wood, but strong wood.
Before Sep 11, 2001 incident, how was the World Trade Centre being viewed? A mighty building that cannot be destroyed?
Instead of having the same building structures as the other buildings that were built before,it had a load-bearing perimeter steel columns called Vierendeel trusses that were spaced closely together to form a strong, rigid wall structure, supporting virtually all lateral loads such as wind loads, and sharing the gravity load with the core columns and thus, making it stronger than other buildings. Although it was one of the most well-known buildings, it had criticisms as well. A small group of business were affected and many residents, tenants etc resisted force relocation of the center as well.
Friday, March 27, 2009
bio hazardous and toxic
Definition of bio hazardous:
an organism or substance derived from an organism that pose threat to human health or animals.
Definition of toxic:
It is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organism.
my thoughts:
i think it is almost the same as toxic is included as one of the category for bio hazardous. Both poses a threat towards human or animal. It is also a substance derived from an organism.
i have looked at joyi's blog and she stated that toxic would cause people lives but biohazardous do not harm people.
an organism or substance derived from an organism that pose threat to human health or animals.
Definition of toxic:
It is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organism.
my thoughts:
i think it is almost the same as toxic is included as one of the category for bio hazardous. Both poses a threat towards human or animal. It is also a substance derived from an organism.
i have looked at joyi's blog and she stated that toxic would cause people lives but biohazardous do not harm people.
Alaska volcano Mt Redoubt
Mt Redoubt
Alaska's Mount Redoubt volcano erupted five times overnight, sending an ash plume more than 9 miles into the air in the volcano's first emissions in nearly 20 years. Residents in the state's largest city were spared from falling ash, though fine gray dust fell Monday morning on small communities north of Anchorage.
Ash from Alaska's volcanos is like a rock fragment with jagged edges and has been used as an industrial abrasive. It can injure skin, eyes and breathing passages. The young, the elderly and people with respiratory problems are especially susceptible to ash-related health problems. Ash can also cause damage engines in planes, cars and other vehicles.
The first eruption, in a sparsely populated area across Cook Inlet from the Kenai Peninsula, occurred at 10:38 p.m. Sunday and the fifth happened at 4:30 a.m. Monday, according to the Alaska Volcano Observatory.
The past eruptions of Redoubt indicate the volcano could erupt again in the next few days or weeks. It is something we need to be prepared for.
Alaska's Mount Redoubt volcano erupted five times overnight, sending an ash plume more than 9 miles into the air in the volcano's first emissions in nearly 20 years. Residents in the state's largest city were spared from falling ash, though fine gray dust fell Monday morning on small communities north of Anchorage.
Ash from Alaska's volcanos is like a rock fragment with jagged edges and has been used as an industrial abrasive. It can injure skin, eyes and breathing passages. The young, the elderly and people with respiratory problems are especially susceptible to ash-related health problems. Ash can also cause damage engines in planes, cars and other vehicles.
The first eruption, in a sparsely populated area across Cook Inlet from the Kenai Peninsula, occurred at 10:38 p.m. Sunday and the fifth happened at 4:30 a.m. Monday, according to the Alaska Volcano Observatory.
The past eruptions of Redoubt indicate the volcano could erupt again in the next few days or weeks. It is something we need to be prepared for.
tallest building in Singapore
Tallest buildingIn Singapore, 3 buildings share the same name for the tallest building in Singapore, namely UOB Plaza One, Republic Plaza and UOB Centre. These 3 buildings are 280m in height. Can you imagine how tall is that? The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore only permits the building to be built up to a maximum height of 280m due to aviation reasons. As technology is slowly improving, maybe there would be a higher building in the future!!
Tallest hotel in Singapore.
The tallest hotel in Singapore is the Swissotel. There are 1,261 guestrooms and luxury suits with 16 bars,restuarants etc. You are able to enjoy a paranomic view os Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia from Southeast Asia's tallest hotel. As there are limited spaces in Singapore, the hotel can only be built upward and not sideways.
Tallest building in the world
The tallest building till now is Burj Dubai. It is 818m in height and has 160 floors. Burj Dubai is normally compared to other buildings and the difference betweent the second tallest and Burj Dubai is around 200m. Imagine the difference! It sure must have a strong foundation. Sometimes i don't understand why the contracters must build the building till so high.
Tuesday, March 24, 2009
chemistry
Just today, our new teacher, miss liang gave us an introduction to chemistry. not the chemistry between people but the science chemistry. often, people may say chemistry as chim-mystery *[laughs]* actually, chemistry is just a umbrella for many individual subjects. but we are going to focus on only one main point- organic. for that we will learn the periodic table etc. most importantly, we will have hands on yeah....
Tuesday, March 10, 2009
equilibrium overview
In thermal equilibrium, the pressure,temperatures and chemical potentials are the same.
Thermal EQUILIBRIUM
It is observed that a higher temperature object which is in contact with a lower temperature object will transfer heat to the lower temperature object. The objects will approach the same temperature and i the absence of loss to other objects, they will then mantain a constant temperature. They are then said to be in thermal equilibrium.
Static EQUILIBRIUM
It is such as there is a force acting on it but the object still remains stationary. The conditions for achieveing a static equilibrium is that the some of forces acting on it must equal 0 and the sum of torques must remain 0 as well.
Dynamic EQUILIBRIUM
The amount of material in each condition (or state) remains the same but the process of change from one state to the other continues. Solid material continues to dissolve, and material that is in solution continues to crystallize. Dissolution and crystallization are occurring at the same rate. There is a balance between those two opposite reactions, and we call that kind of balance a dynamic equilibrium.Equilibrium because there is a balance, dynamic because there are changes taking place.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/thermo/thereq.html
http://www.rwc.uc.edu/koehler/biophys/2h.html
http://dl.clackamas.edu/ch105-03/dynamic.htm
Thermal EQUILIBRIUM
It is observed that a higher temperature object which is in contact with a lower temperature object will transfer heat to the lower temperature object. The objects will approach the same temperature and i the absence of loss to other objects, they will then mantain a constant temperature. They are then said to be in thermal equilibrium.
Static EQUILIBRIUM
It is such as there is a force acting on it but the object still remains stationary. The conditions for achieveing a static equilibrium is that the some of forces acting on it must equal 0 and the sum of torques must remain 0 as well.
Dynamic EQUILIBRIUM
The amount of material in each condition (or state) remains the same but the process of change from one state to the other continues. Solid material continues to dissolve, and material that is in solution continues to crystallize. Dissolution and crystallization are occurring at the same rate. There is a balance between those two opposite reactions, and we call that kind of balance a dynamic equilibrium.Equilibrium because there is a balance, dynamic because there are changes taking place.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/thermo/thereq.html
http://www.rwc.uc.edu/koehler/biophys/2h.html
http://dl.clackamas.edu/ch105-03/dynamic.htm
Monday, March 9, 2009
9 March 09
----->>which is denser?
Ans: Obviously water. Ice floats on water and this verifies that water is denser than ice. If ice is denser than water which is NO of course, i think you would see water floating on ice which is like HOW??
close up on a water moleclue
----->>why is it more painful to throw ice cubes instead of water?
Ans:In water, there are always water molecules-without fail-that has a positively charged side and a negatively charged side and like a magnet,it would stuck to each other in a regular pattern that forms a hexagon (six-sided figure.And thus, in ice, the molecules are more 'together' as compared to water which is loosely attracted as they are not frozen-in that sense that the molecules are not frozen which (the shape) is made permanent.Thus, when the molecules is frozen, it becomes hard as compared to water where they are not given a definite shape.
----->>whether water level changes or not when ice is melted in a cup of drink.
Ans:(ACCORDING TO RESEARCH), the water level does not rise as when ice is melted, it takes less volume in the glass.
Personally: I think what they meant in this case is only a small amount of ice but when i put ice in the cup and leave it for a while,you can see a layer of water (in this case the liquid i use is coke)on it. But i thought that the water level increased.Maybe it is due to some evaporation that occured.
----->>effects in boiling point and freezing point/effects of impurities on water Ans:Defination of impurities first:it is the substances inside a confined amount of solid, liquid, gas.melting point decreases with pressure and increases with impurities(eg.sawdust).boiling point increases with impurities and also increases with pressure.
----->>examples of impurities
Ans:ash,debris in metal,leaf pieces in paper,alloys
CREDITS
http://www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/cool_experiments/index.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_effects_of_impurities_in_boiling_and_freezing_point
----->>why is it more painful to throw ice cubes instead of water?
Ans:In water, there are always water molecules-without fail-that has a positively charged side and a negatively charged side and like a magnet,it would stuck to each other in a regular pattern that forms a hexagon (six-sided figure.And thus, in ice, the molecules are more 'together' as compared to water which is loosely attracted as they are not frozen-in that sense that the molecules are not frozen which (the shape) is made permanent.Thus, when the molecules is frozen, it becomes hard as compared to water where they are not given a definite shape.
----->>whether water level changes or not when ice is melted in a cup of drink.
Ans:(ACCORDING TO RESEARCH), the water level does not rise as when ice is melted, it takes less volume in the glass.
Personally: I think what they meant in this case is only a small amount of ice but when i put ice in the cup and leave it for a while,you can see a layer of water (in this case the liquid i use is coke)on it. But i thought that the water level increased.Maybe it is due to some evaporation that occured.
----->>effects in boiling point and freezing point/effects of impurities on water Ans:Defination of impurities first:it is the substances inside a confined amount of solid, liquid, gas.melting point decreases with pressure and increases with impurities(eg.sawdust).boiling point increases with impurities and also increases with pressure.
----->>examples of impurities
Ans:ash,debris in metal,leaf pieces in paper,alloys
http://www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/cool_experiments/index.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_effects_of_impurities_in_boiling_and_freezing_point
case task
The first group that was presenting their case study was...seow hwee and her group mates. It was somthing about how the narrator's lime juice decreased in volume after an afternoon under the hot sun.
Thought that they explained thoroughly and the most important clearly-which wasgood/extra good.
The second group was about uncle Tom's milk and a little bit of one of the factor, the freezing point of the milk.
The freezing point may be considedered as one of the most important factor when solving this type of question as the temperature may differ.Don't want to go into further details about it as it would be quite wordy.Some advantages and disadvantage is that some slides are too wordy but at least they try to input some fun and they are loud and each slide is enriching.
TheT H I R Dgroup was my group and i thought that it was quite good...hahaha:]Hope we did good! Ms Cynthia also brought up interesting facts like why people put salt on the road during cold weather.
Thought that they explained thoroughly and the most important clearly-which was
The second group was about uncle Tom's milk and a little bit of one of the factor, the freezing point of the milk.
The freezing point may be considedered as one of the most important factor when solving this type of question as the temperature may differ.Don't want to go into further details about it as it would be quite wordy.Some advantages and disadvantage is that some slides are too wordy but at least they try to input some fun and they are loud and each slide is enriching.
TheT H I R Dgroup was my group and i thought that it was quite good...hahaha:]Hope we did good! Ms Cynthia also brought up interesting facts like why people put salt on the road during cold weather.
Tuesday, March 3, 2009
today...
today,i collected my science results which is like a 'phew' for me but i still have to buck up on my science and other subjects too. :>thank God two weeks down the road would be the school holidays! "relaxation" time-meaning more work to do. my expression:
hApPy/bU hUU
really can't wait for the holidays to come!
really can't wait for the holidays to come!
Monday, March 2, 2009
temperature vs heat
It is just a recap about it in case you don't remember-the difference...maybe.
:)just to let you know more in a cute sort of way.
:)just to let you know more in a cute sort of way.
THERMAL PHYSICS
It is stated from a source that thermal physics is like an 'umbrella' for covering 3 other subjects, and the 3 topics are thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and kinetic theory, and soooo, how does thermal physics is in relation to heat and temperature ?
Other than heat and temperature-which is in relation to heat related subjects ,what other heat relation subjects are there?
These are some questions I don't know yet as it sound too profound or maybe i haven't learnt anything about it yet.
Other than heat and temperature-which is in relation to heat related subjects ,what other heat relation subjects are there?
These are some questions I don't know yet as it sound too profound or maybe i haven't learnt anything about it yet.
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