The Dove Commercial! -feign shock-

OMG, Can you believe it? I found the commercial after about 15 minutes!

-feign shock, and faints-

JK JK. I'm not kidding when I said I found the video. This is is.



I do assume the music here is appropriate because I didn't hear the music. :D I was listening to the radio instead. :D

So, I have assumed that you have watched the video, it's short and it won't take up too much of your time, just maybe some of your minutes. :D

So, let me tell you the aim of the commercial again. The aim of the old Dove commercial is to tell all users that the Dove soap contains less alkali then other soap, like, it has a pH value of 7.

So I've just finished reading Sarah's post on this, and it really got me wondering, and I also do totally agree with her. :D

Well, what she said was that since that the pH value is about 7, what is the point of the soap when we can just use water?

Makes good sense right? I know I do. :)

I was thinking....you do know that alkalines are soapy right?

So by making the soap less soapy, the bar won't drop that often!

Okay, I know that's =.="'

Okay, sorry for the no-answer post.

Transition Metal

Hello! Welcome back!
I know you must be very psyched to be reading this again! :) Anyway, this term's subject is still Chemistry, and the topic is Atoms. So now you must wondering what has the Periodic Table got to do with Atoms? Well, atoms have chemical symbols in them, and the Periodic table shows the Chemical symbols (Elements) and the number of protons, electron, and neutrons, which is needed to find out about the atoms. (refer to the previous previous post to read it again!)


Does it answer your question?


But, that is not the main topic for this post! The main topic is called Transition Metals.

#1


Transition Metals are located in groups IB to VIIIB.


As the possess the properties of metals, the transition elements are also known as the Transition metals.


What makes them so special is that they are able to put more than eight electrons in the shell that is one in from the outermost shell. In other words, this is the point in the periodic table where you can place more than 8 electrons in a shell. 


Another point is that these metals are really very hard, with super high melting points, and boiling points.


The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell. 


Something like gold (Au) has an organization of 2-8-18-32-18-1. 


Of course, there are still some rules. No shell can have more than 32 electrons. It's usually 18 or 32 for the maximum number of electrons.


Transition metals can use the two outermost shells/orbitals to bond with other elements. 


It's a chemical trait that allows them to bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.


Example: Molybdenum (Mo) with 42 electrons. The configuration is 2-8-18-13-1. 


It is therefore unstable. Those two orbitals (13 and 1) can use the electrons to bond with other atoms. 


So what are it's uses?

Alloys


Transition metals are commonly used to create alloys, which are combinations of metals and/or non-metallic substances.


 Many well-known substances are alloys made of transition metals. 


Iron is combined with carbon and a variety of other substances to make steel, and the inclusion of chromium makes it stainless steel. 


Copper makes up several well-known alloys: it is mixed with zinc to create brass, combined with tin to form bronze and mixed with nickel to form cupro-nickel, which is often made into coins.

Catalysts


Some transition metals and compounds of transition metals are used as catalysts in chemical reactions to speed up the rate of reaction without adding any reactive properties themselves. 


For example, vegetable oils are turned into saturated fats that take longer to melt by way of hydrogenation. 


Nickel is used as the catalyst so that hydrogen can effectively join a carbon-carbon double bond.

HYDROGEN BOMB! BOOMZ!

Scary huh? I mean does it sound scary?

Let me scare you with some pictures first! MUSHROOM!

The hydrogen bomb functions by the fusion, or joining together, of the lighter elements into heavier elements.

The end product again weighs less than its components.

Extremely high temperatures are required in order to initiate fusion reactions.

The hydrogen bomb is also known as a thermonuclear bomb.

The first thermonuclear bomb was exploded in 1952 at Enewetak by the United States, the second in 1953 by Russia (then the USSR). Great Britain, France, and China have also exploded thermonuclear bombs.

Structure of the bomb. Easy, but super dangerous.

Process of it.

Like other types of nuclear explosion, the explosion of a hydrogen bomb creates an extremely hot zone near its center.

In this zone, because of the high temperature, nearly all of the matter present is vaporized to form a gas at extremely high pressure.

A sudden overpressure, i.e., a pressure far in excess of atmospheric pressure, propagates away from the center of the explosion as a shock wave, decreasing in strength as it travels.

It is this wave, containing most of the energy released, that is responsible for the major part of the destructive mechanical effects of a nuclear explosion.

The details of shock wave propagation and its effects vary depending on whether the burst is in the air, underwater, or underground.

Orbital theory...Sounds so Chim!

Well, this was supposed to be called the Molecular Orbital Theory, or MO Theory.

The goal of molecular orbital theory is to describe molecules in a similar way to how we describe atoms, that is, in terms of orbitals, orbital diagrams, and electron configurations.

Humph, I wonder how it will be done...

Orbital diagrams are usually drawn to make things easier to understand. :D

O2

O

These 2 pictures are actually diagrams for O2 and O. They are oxygen! :p

Each line in the molecular orbital diagram represents a molecular orbital, which is the volume within which a high percentage of the negative charge generated by the electron is found.

-The molecular orbitals are filled in a way that yields the lowest potential energy for the molecule.

-The maximum number of electrons in each molecular orbital is two.

-Orbitals of equal energy are half filled with parallel spin before they begin to pair up.

It can usually be found in this equation:

Isotopes!

Welcome back to the next series of Atoms! I really hoped you had fun in reading the previous post! Anyway, due to time constrain, I have fast forward the lesson to Isotopes!

So what exactly are Isotopes???? Hmmm...

Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons; the different possible versions of each element are called isotopes.

Refer to the previous post to recap on what is Neutron! :)

Hydrogen

The most common isotope of hydrogen has no neutrons at all; there's also a hydrogen isotope called deuterium, with one neutron, and another, tritium, with two neutrons.

You might now wonder how many Isotopes can 1 element have.

Well, sad to say that an atom cannot just have any number of neutrons. There are combinations of neutrons and protons, at which the forces holding nuclei together seem to balance best. Atoms with a few too many neutrons, or not quite enough, can sometimes exist for a while, but they're unstable.

So what is unstable in the above question?

Unstable atoms are radioactive: their nuclei change or decay by spitting out radiation, in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves.



Radioisotopes/ Radioactive Isotopes

That question above ^^^^^ leads me to the next topic, called radioisotopes!

It is well, sad to say that Radioisotopes are really really really (I mean really) dangerous.!!!

Because the like charges of the protons repel each other,there are always forces trying to push the atom nucleus apart. The nucleus is held together by something called the binding energy.


In most cases, elements like to have an equal number of protons and neutrons because this makes them the most stable. Stable atoms have a binding energy that is strong enough to hold the protons and neutrons together.

Even if an atom has an additional neutron or two it may remain stable. However, an additional neutron or two may upset the binding energy and cause the atom to become unstable.

In an unstable atom, the nucleus changes by giving off a neutron to get back to a balanced state. As the unstable nucleus changes, it gives off radiation and is said to be radioactive.

I'm sorry to say that the picture isn't clear, but I can tell you that it is giving out radioactive waves...Reminds me of the Bombing at Nagasaki. 0-0

Other facts

You'll get why I am showing you the Table :)

All elements with atomic numbers greater than 83 are radioisotopes meaning that these elements have unstable nuclei and are radioactive.

Elements with atomic numbers of 83 and less, have isotopes (stable nucleus) and most have at least one radioisotope (unstable nucleus).

As a radioisotope tries to stabilize, it may transform into a new element in a process called transmutation.

Uses of Radioisotopes

Shocking?!?!?! Yes, it can be used in medication you know! -Feign shock-

One major use of radioisotopes is in nuclear medicine. Of the 30 million people who are hospitalized each year in the United States, 1/3 are treated with nuclear medicine.

There are nearly one hundred radioisotopes whose beta and/or gamma radiation is used in diagnosis, therapy, or investigations in nuclear medicine. The most used radioisotopes were discovered before World War II.

Chemistry.....Atoms!

Wasssssssssssssup People! It's officially chemistry for this term! One last term before the EOYs! But anyway, I'm here to tell you more about atoms, and not here to make you depressed by telling you that the next term is the EOYs.

So anyway, let me give you a brief overview of the whole topic on Atoms...I guess. :)

So I'm sure you will ask, what are Atoms?

Before I start on anything official here, please do read up on elements. It will help you greatly in the first part, which is now. :)

All elements are made up of Atoms.

This picture below shows what scientists have found, the shape I mean.

The picture above shows the interior of an atom. Fasinating isn't it?

You might be wondering what are the headings there, and it's quite easy to understand actually.

The nucleus of an atoms consists of Protons, and Neutrons. Protons are POSITIVELY CHARGED, while Neutrons are NEUTRAL.

Electrons are the small little particles orbiting the nucleus. They are NEGATIVELY CHARGRED.

The picture below might actually help you! :)

However, if you have taken a good look at the periodic table, you are able to see that there are over a HUNDRED elements. And each element has a different number of neutrons, protons, and electrons.

Now, how do you know which number is the proton number (atomic number), and which is the mass number (made up of protons, and neutrons)?

So let me tell you again, if you didn't quite understand what I was talking about.

Mass Number

-Usually at the top left hand of the element box (right in this case)
-Made up of Protons, and Neutrons

Atomic Number

-Usually at the bottom left of the element box (right in this case)
-Number of Protons

Facts

You might have noticed that although it is the same element, the mass number is different, but it's not any typo error. There is a scientific explanation behind it. The element here is Carbon. In this case, carbon is in different proportions, and that is why the mass number is different, but it is still carbon in any case.

Digestion - Alimentary Canal

Hey Sup People! How are you doing this afternoon? Hope you are doing gggggggggrrrrrrrreeeeeeeaaaatttt! (GREAT)

Okay, enough of the introduction :) So today's topic is also about Digestion, but we're moving on to another topic, the Alimentary Canal. I know you must be thinking: "Hey we've learnt this before! Why are we learning this again?" Yes I know that question very well, but here, we're going in dept about all the organs, and stuffs.

So let me list out the enzymes the substrates, and the end product.

Carbohydrate

Starch ( Salivary Amylase) Maltose
Maltose (Maltase)             Glucose

Protein

Protein          (Pepsin)               Polypeptides
Polypeptides (Erepsin/Trypsin) Amino Acids

Fats

Fats      (Bile)     Emulsified Fats
E. Fats (Lipase) 3 Fatty acids + 1 Glycerol

Okay, so now you've seen all the reactions, let's get down to all the organs in the alimentary canal, and their functions. Please get your paper and pens/pencils ready, for the next few paragraphs would be a rollercoaster ride. (0_0 That's exaggerating)

Mouth

• Contains teeth that chews food molecules into smaller food substances so that it would have a larger surface area for more enzymes to act on it
• In here, starch is digested by the salivary amylase to form maltose
• The saliva secreted by the salivary glands produces the enzyme, and it also softens, and mixes the food
• The tongue rolls the partially digested food into a bolus before it is being swallowed down.

Oesophagus

• It is also known as the gullet, but at this level, it should be called the oesophagus
• No digestion takes place here
• There are 2 muscle that aids in Peristalsis (The next point) - the longitudinal muslce, and the circular muscle
• Peristalsis - The rhythemic wave-like contraction of muscles that propels and mixes the contents of the alimentary canal forward

Stomach

• The stomach is an elastic, muscular bag with thick elastic walls.
• It secretes a mixture of gastric juice - hydrochloric juice, pepsin, and rennin
• The stomach contracts and relaxes so that the foods are well mixed with the gastric juices
• In here, protein is being digested in polypeptides by the enzyme pepsin
• The end product is a semi-liquid product called chyme, that is being released into the duodenum, the first part fo the small intestine.
• The interesting thing about a stomach is that it is the only organ which has a pH value of 2 (refer to the previous post about pH values)

Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas 

Digestion - Enzymes

Hey's People, I'm back after a break, if you can see the timing. But anyways, here's the 2^nd part of the mighty digestion! (Y) The.....*Drum Roll Please*.....Enzymes! (Y)

Anyway, Enzymes are really simple to understand, but you have to remember a lot of things, but if you write it all out on 1 piece of foolscap paper, I guess you'll remember it better, by a lot, so anyways, good luck!

So Here's the Definition of enzymes.

Enzymes are Proteins. (Please remember that) They are biological catalysts that help speed up the rate of chemical reactions without themselves being broken down at the end of the reaction. (How cool is that?)

Enzymes - Conditions

Yes, there are conditions, like the T&Cs that we humans have. There are 2 main conditions for the best enzymes reactions, and I think you'll find it easy to remember. :)

1. Optimum Temperature

It basically means the temperature at which the enzymes works best in, which is room temperature of about 37 degrees or so (plus minus) and some questions usually states 40 degrees, which is also considered. At this temperature - room temperature - the enzymes reactions with the substrate is at it's peak, but after that temperature, the enzymes would slowly denature, meaning that the reactions would become slowly, and the enzymes would slowly die.

However do please take note that in scientific terms, the enzymes do not die but denature.

2. pH Values

Sorry to say that we have not learnt Chemistry as we would be learning it the next term, but I guess it is just the acidity and the alkaline, and in this case, it is the pH values of the enzymes.

salivary amlase works best in pH7
protease works best in pH2
lipase works best in pH 7~8

Digestion - nutrients

Heys People! I know I'm posting at such a late date, but at least I posted....right? Anyways, here is what I think is the summary of digestion. I've summarised the points I think is required for the exam, as well as adding in several other informations I think it would be fun to know, maybe. But anyways, here it is!

Digestion is basically just the breaking down of large, insoluble, indiffusible food substances into smaller, soluble, and diffusible food substances.

Easy to remember...right? Yeahs.

So anyways, there are 3 types of nutrients in total - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Carbohydrates:

It provides energy for the body cells.

There are 3 types of carbohydrates, mainly the diasaccharides, monosaccharides, and the polysaccharides. I would not go into detail for that as you people have to study!!!

So anyways, there are 2 type of tests for carbohydrates, the Benedicts Test and the Iodine Test.

It is made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (CHO)

Benedicts Test:

It tests for reducing sugar, and if reducing sugar is present, the solution would become reddish (is there even such a word?) -orange precipitate. If not, it would just remain as blue.

Iodine Test

It tests for, as you all should know, for starch. So, if starch is present, the solution would turn blue-black, or if starch is not present, then the solution would remain brown/yellow, depending on the colour of the iodine at first. But I guess it would be better if you choose brown instead, to you know, just to play safe XD

Protein:

It is the main substance used for the growth of new cells, and the repair of damaged cells. It also provides energy when the body lacks fats, or carbohydrates.

It is made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.

Protein can never never be stored as it is TOXIC!!!! Thus, it is removed by the body via egestion, as urea in urine.

Biuret's Test

The biuret test is used to test for the presence of protein. If protein is present, the solution would change to violet (yeah!!! 0_0). If not, it wouls remain as blue.

Raw or cooked food?

So I'm back, finally I guess, from the terrible terrible 1 week holiday. Anyway, let's get back to the topic on hand. Oh, and 1 more thing, welcome to the era of Biology! .......

You know, I love sashimi so this would be quite an interesting topic to research on. Maybe if the results shows that raw food digest slower, I would consider going all cooked food. -_____-"'

According to a certain website, it states that raw food does not digest as easy as cooked food, thus if you want to feel full, do eat more cooked food, unless you're somehow on a diet.

It is believed that your body's own elimination system can eliminate all or most of the toxins in the cooked portion of your diet when eating more raw food. When you eat more cooked food you are eating toxins faster than your body can get rid of them so they back up causing disease.

While searching, I came across this websites that answers the second question- Should we eat raw food or cooked food?

Raw foods are rich in enzymes. Enzymes are needed for the digestive system to work. They are necessary to break down food particles so they can be utilized for energy. The human body makes approximately 22 different digestive enzymes which are capable of digesting carbohydrates, protein and fats. Raw vegetables and raw fruit are rich sources of enzymes.

Lack of digestive enzymes can be a factor in food allergies. Symptoms of digestive enzymes depletion are bloating, belching, gas, bowel disorders, abdominal cramping, heartburn and food allergies.


All of us loose our ability to produce concentrated digestive enzymes as we grow older. In cases where age is a factor, or where lack of digestive enzymes causes food allergies, supplementation may be helpful.

The more food that you can eat raw, the better.

If you do cook your food, the best way to cook food is to lightly steam, stew, or use a slow crock cooker. Eat as few over-processed and over-cooked foods as possible. The body has a difficult time digesting fried, pasteurized, barbecued, dried, and other over-processed and over-cooked foods which you find in boxed and processed foods.

Cooked food undergoes cooking (that's why it's called cooked food duhh..) and it uses heat. Enzymes are then destroyed in heat and it chemically changes foods from the substances needed for health into free-radicals and poisons that destroy our health!


. Enzymes are importanttt...

Therefore, the author of this blog strongly recommends raw food. Ye-ah. I love (L) raw food!

refraction

Refraction is here to be with his buddy! Anyway, let me start.

Refraction has lots to remember as compared to reflection.

This illustration basically means:

•The ray of light which travels through the incident, or first, medium and strikes the boundary, or interface, is called the incident ray.


•The ray of light which travels into the refracted, or second, medium and leaves the interface is called the reflected ray.

•A line perpendicular to the surface is imagined at the point of refraction. This line is called a normal. In this context the word normal means perpendicular. In the above diagram the normal is colored blue.

•The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence, or the incident angle.

•The angle between the refracted ray and the normal is called the angle of refraction, or the refracted angle.
 

This picture means that the ray would bend towards the normal when it is travelling in a denser medium.

This picture means that the ray bends away from the normal when it is travelling in a less dense material.

reflection

Stella's back for more, this time with reflection! It's buddy, refraction, will be accompaning him later on, on the next post.

This picture says it all, right?

It basically means this

•The ray of light which strikes the surface is called the incident ray.


•The ray of light which leaves the surface is called the reflected ray.

•A line perpendicular to the surface is imagined at the point of reflection. This line is called a normal. In this context the word normal means perpendicular.

•The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence, or the incident angle.

•The angle between the reflected ray and the normal is called the angle of reflection, or the reflected angle.

Notice that the angle of incidence is = to the angle of reflection.

There is this website - click here - that shows how a light beam reflects at the surface of a flat mirror. It is an animation. Simple, but it may explain it to you. Scroll down the website and you'll see the animation.
 
Have fun!

rainbows

I know I am late for this post since this topic was ages, ago, so I was thinking why not a recap! It won't hurt, would it?

Rainbows are one of the most spectacular light shows observed on earth. Indeed the traditional rainbow is sunlight spread out into its spectrum of colors and diverted to the eye of the observer by water droplets.


Most people have never noticed that the sun is always behind you when you face a rainbow. I understand it is funny but it is true.


The traditional description of the rainbow is that it is made up of seven colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Actually, the rainbow is a whole continuum of colors from red to violet and even beyond the colors that the eye can see. Thank God we only have to learn the 7 colours. :D

The colors of the rainbow arise from two basic facts:

Sunlight is made up of the whole range of colors that the eye can detect. The range of sunlight colors, when combined, looks white to the eye. This property of sunlight was first demonstrated by Sir Isaac Newton in 1666.

Light of different colors is refracted by different amounts when it passes from one medium (air, for example) into another (water or glass, for example).

There are certain times when you actually see 2 rainbows. Magnificent huh?


However, not all of the energy of the ray escapes the raindrop after it is reflected once. A part of the ray is reflected again and travels along inside the drop to emerge from the drop. The rainbow we normally see is called the primary rainbow; the second rainbow is called the secondary rainbow.

Another interesting fact!

Rainbows are usually present during full moon, at night of course, called the lunar rainbow!

A full moon is bright enough to have its light refracted by raindrops just as is the case for the sun. Moonlight is much fainter, of course, so the lunar rainbow is not nearly as bright as one produced by sunlight.

More about rainbows - click here!

Heat and its Effects

Heat changes the size of a substance.

Heat - substance expands
Cool - Substance contracts

Solids

Examples: Metal ring and ball

Liquids

Examples: Glass flask containing coloured water
- Hot water
   + Liquid level rise
- Cold water
   + Liquid level drop

Gas
Examples: empty flask containg air and a drop of coloured water
- Hot hands/water
   + Coloured waster rises
- Iced water
   + Coloured water dropped

Problems

Problem

- Cause pavements to crack/ tiles pop out
Solution
- Expansion gap

Problem

It's the closest I can get

- Railway tracks wrap
Solution
- Gaps in between tracks

Problem
- Bridges expand, and may be at risk of damage
Solution

- Expansion gaps or resting on rollers

Problem
- Expansion of water pipes/ oil pipelines, causing them to burst
Solution

- Expansion bends

Problem

- Telephone wires/ cable contract in cold weather, and become taut, any may snap
Solution
- Wires are strung loosely

Uses of expansion
Riverts

- Join steel plates and girders

- Bimetallic strip
  + Thermostat
  + Thermometer

Click here for websites more about it.

real & virtual images

Frankly speaking, I am confused about what is real image and what is virtual image.
So, I have conducted a research on it, hoping that both you and I would understand it.

Real and Virtual Images



Mirrors work by changing the direction that light is moving. In a concave mirror, the light gets reflected towards the center. In a convex mirror, the light moves away. To make an image, we can trace a few rays that the light makes and see what happens to them.


Let’s start with a concave mirror. If the object is far away, the light rays come in, and then bounce and come back together. See the picture below. This is an example of a real image.

If the object is very close to the concave mirror or you use a convex mirror, the light doesn’t come back together. However, if you look at the light that comes off of the mirror and trace it back while pretending the mirror isn’t there, they will come back to a point. This is called a virtual image.

I hope it helps, but it apparantly does not help me. D:

electricity

Old Video and a little "chim".
And a little bit, okay, maybe a lot of chemistry - atoms protons, neutrons.

Reflection

It may be long winded, but it is good for you!

A word of advice, it has got some censor, that when you go to other website, it kind of stops playing.

refraction

I guess this video says it all.
I would be a better explanation then me writing it all out.

How to Help Someone Being Shocked (Tip 101)

Arhhhhhhh!
Someone is ELECTROCUTED!
What should I do?

Stay Calm or you won't be able to do anything!

No need to remember all these steps here, but please please stick a instruction Manuel at home. Preventive measure, yeah!?

Things You'll Need:

• Non-conductive material such as wood, rubber, rope or a cloth

Stopping Electrocution

1. 
   
   Step 1
   Make sure you are NOT wet or standing on a wet surface.
   
2. 
   
   Step 2
   Turn off the source of the electricity. Turning off the appliance may not stop the flow of electricity. You may need to unplug it or even turn off the circuit breaker.
   
3. 
   
   Step 3
   Use non-conductive materials to pull the victim from the electrical source.
   
4. 
   
   Step 4
   Make sure you pull the victim with the object while not touching the one being electrocuted.
   
5. 
   
   Step 5
   Place her carefully on her back and check for breathing and a pulse.
   
   

   Instructions for a Victim Who is Breathing and Has a Pulse

6. 
   
   Step 1
   Perform the following, and then seek help. Call 911 if a phone is near.
   
7. 
   
   Step 2
   Elevate the victim's feet over his head.
   
8. 
   
   Step 3
   Keep him from moving(especially his head and neck).
   
9. 
   
   Step 4
   Loosen his clothing.
   
   

   Instructions to Help a Victim Who is Not Breathing or Lacks a Pulse

10. 
    
    Step 1
    Perform 5 cycles (2 minutes each) of chest compressions on the victim. (CPR)
    
11. 
    
    Step 2
    Call 911.
    
12. 
    
    Step 3
    Recheck for a heartbeat and breathing.
    
13. 
    
    Step 4
    Resume CPR on the victim if the victim is not breathing and does not have a heartbeat. Perform rescue breathing if the victim has a pulse, but is not
    
    
    Tips & Warnings

    • If the victim is vomiting, place her on her side.
    • Do not give the victim anything to drink.
    • Do not apply anything to the burns.

having dry hands - electricity

Touching an electrical appliance with wet hands is dangerous!
Water can conduct electricity.
Also, the resistance of our skin varies from person to person and fluctuates between different times of day. In general, dry skin is a poor conductor that may have a resistance of around 100,000 Ω, while broken or wet skin may have a resistance of around 1,000 Ω.
Tah-Dahs!
Like it?

Electrocuted, scary

Watched the video? Spot the flies too! I am currently finding the person that got electrocuted, inhumane I know, but all for science. However, if you're lucky, you won't be able to watch it. :/ So after watching this video, I've got 1 question to ask. Why did the squirrel got electrocuted when the men didn't? The position of the squirrel and the guy is almost the same, so why the different outcome?



Another one! Look at the "explosion"! It is soooo bright. Thankfully, the guy didn't stand too close to it.



Haha, you are not in luck today, I found the video! You don't need to watch if you don't want. Oh, and the man is a drug addict.

Anyway, the answer is already stated in class. Whether it is human or not, it is not touching the ground or anything connecting it to the ground and thus, the circuit is broken. If we were to touch the pole or the ground, we act like a wire, allowing electricity to flow through us.

the spectrum of colours

Hello people!
Today's post shall be short and sweet.
Anyway, the question is:

Why is the red at the top of the spectrum of colours, and the violet at the bottom?

I came across a website that states that instead of having the red at the top, the red is at the bottom and the violet is at the top. This pictures shows how.

But in any case, the same website also states that the wavelength and frequency of light we see, also influences the colour we see. The seven colours of the spectrum all have varying wavelengths and frequencies. Red is at the lower end of the spectrum and has a higher wavelength but lower frequency to that of Violet. Whereas Violet, located at the top end of the spectrum, has a lower wavelength and higher frequency.

Frequency
The frequency of a wave is determined by the number of complete waves, or wavelengths, that pass a given point each second.

However, another websites says that "Red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum and therefore reflects the least. It is found at the top of the visible spectrum. Violet light has the shortest wavelength in the visible spectrum and therefore reflects the most. It is seen at the bottom of the spectrum." So Basically, it is because of the length of the wavelength in this website, and both the length of the wavelength and frequency in the first website, that explains why the red is at the top and violet is at the bottom, vice versa.

And, another website also stated that red has the longest rays and in this case, violet has the shortest rays, so tah-dahs!

Hope it is not confusing.